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The LRA has also intensified attacks on diamond and gold mining sites. Kony is subject to an arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court. Kony has issued standing orders for rebel fighters to loot diamonds and gold from artisanal miners in eastern Central African Republic. The trade of ivory represents a significant source of income for Kony's group. Address: Kafia Kingi a territory on the border of Sudan and South Sudan whose final status has yet to be determined.
Both brothers are acknowledged to be part of Joseph Kony's leadership inner-circle, responsible for the execution of Kony's orders. Ali Kony is responsible for negotiating ivory prices and bartering the ivory with the merchants. Ali meets once or twice a month with merchants to negotiate the price of the LRA's ivory in U.
Joseph Kony has ordered Ali to use the largest tusks to purchase anti-personnel mines to surround Kony's camp. Around the same time, Ali met with the merchants to purchase supplies and to plan a future meeting to conduct additional transactions and to agree to terms of purchase on the LRA's behalf for what is assessed to be the ivory that Salim was escorting. Previously, Salim led the group which provides security for Joseph Kony.
Both brothers are acknowledged as members of Joseph Kony's leadership inner-circle, who are responsible for executing Joseph Kony's orders.
Salim often deploys to the CAR border with approximately a dozen fighters to meet and escort other LRA groups carrying ivory north from Garamba. Joseph Kony had also tasked Salim with escorting two LRA commanders to Garamba to uncover caches of ivory that had been hidden there years earlier. Salim was responsible for maintaining ivory accountability to Joseph Kony and for passing information about ivory transactions to LRA groups. Traders who were purchasing diamonds illegally trafficked from Central African Republic to foreign markets, including from the western part of the country, have operated in Cameroon on behalf of BADICA.
Has engaged in the abduction, killing and mutilation of thousands of civilians in Central Africa, including hundreds in the Central African Republic. The leader is Joseph Kony. LRA cells are frequently accompanied by captives who are forced to work as porters, cooks, and sex slaves. The LRA engages in gender-based violence including rapes of women and young girls.
These attacks have involved looting, violence against civilians, destruction of property and abductions. Skip to main content. This document is an excerpt from the EUR-Lex website. EU case-law Case-law Digital reports Directory of case-law. Quick search. Search tips.
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Persons 1.
Place of Birth: Mouila, Gabon. Nationality: Central African Republic. Address: Uganda. Place of birth: Ndele, Central African Republic. Passport no. Additional information Noureddine is one of the original leaders of the Seleka. Date of UN designation: 20 Aug. Address: Bangui, Central African Republic. Address: a Bangui, Central African Republic. Additional information: Kony founded the Lord's Resistance Army LRA and has been described as the group's founder, religious leader, chairman, and commander-in-chief. The movement of nomadic herders in the Northwest sparked tensions, including in Ngaoundaye, in Pende, Ouham Prefecture, after a refusal by residents to allow herders to cross their land.
Violence in Ngaoundaye on June 15 resulted in at least 10 deaths, destroyed houses, and the displacement of thousands of persons to surrounding towns, as well as to neighboring Cameroon and Chad, according to the United Nations. In June and July, a series of attacks by armed groups occurred in and outside of Bangui. On June 24, unidentified assailants killed a Senegalese peacekeeper. In early July clashes between the different ex-Seleka factions in Kaga Bandoro forced civilians to seek protection in camps for internally displaced persons IDPs protected by international forces.
On September 16, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs reported attacks in Kouango that resulted in 19 deaths, houses burned, and populations from 11 villages fleeing. Attacks against civilians since the beginning of the year included killings, abductions, and GBV. Thousands of civilians were displaced. According to MINUSCA, abductions and hostage taking were used to extort money from relatives, press authorities into releasing their incarcerated colleagues, and intimidate populations into allowing armed groups to impose authority.
On June 19, the armed group in Bangui's PK-5 area led by Abdoulaye Issene held six police officers hostage for five days. Earlier security force members arrested armed Fulani Peulh herders who were bringing their cattle into Bangui, which spiraled into reprisal attacks against the police. Kidnappings by the LRA reportedly increased. The LRA significantly stepped up its activity in the eastern region, especially in the mining areas east of Bria, in the Haute-Kotto Prefecture, and along the Mbomou River between the towns of Rafai and Obo.
According to an international NGO, the LRA was responsible for 42 incidents, six civilian fatalities, and civilian abductions in the country in the first quarter. Physical Abuse, Punishment, and Torture : The ex-Seleka and forces associated with anti-Balaka groups reportedly tortured, beat, and raped civilians in the course of the conflict. Members of armed groups reportedly continued to rape girls and women with impunity.
For example, on February 23, four armed men affiliated with the RJ movement gang-raped a year-old girl who was returning home on foot in the village of Pende, Ouham and afterward attacked her with machetes. On February 26, an anti-Balaka leader raped a pregnant year-old woman in the Batangafo, Ouham IDP camp before beating her husband and two other persons who were trying to protect her. Between January and August, at least persons were accused of witchcraft or quackery.
Suspected individuals were often subject to arbitrary arrests and executions by members of armed groups, lynching by a mob, or expulsion from their communities. There were reports peacekeeping forces, including MINUSCA and international contingents, exploited women and children, although some of the reports referred to cases that occurred prior to see section 1.
Child Soldiers : Reports of use of child soldiers continued during the year.
According to estimates by the UN Children's Fund UNICEF , between 6, and 10, child soldiers were recruited during the latest conflict through ; some remained with armed groups. NGOs reported children recruited by armed groups were sent to fight, used for sexual purposes, and used as cooks, porters, or messengers. According to the UN independent expert, the LRA forced children to commit atrocities such as looting and burning villages, killing village residents, and abducting or killing other children. According to the Report of the Secretary-General on Children and Armed Conflict , the United Nations documented 40 cases of child recruitment and use in ; more than half the cases were perpetrated by the LRA and more than a quarter by ex-Seleka faction the UPC.
Armed groups forced children to be combatants, messengers, informants, and cooks. Girls also were used as sex slaves. In addition the United Nations documented the presence of children manning checkpoints and barricades alongside armed individuals reportedly sympathetic to or affiliated with anti-Balaka and ex-Seleka elements.
The constitution and law provide for freedom of speech and press, and the government generally respected these rights. Press and Media Freedoms : All print media in the country were privately owned.
The Central African Republic is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. Presently, the Central African Republic has active television services, radio stations, internet service providers, and mobile phone carriers; Socatel is. Bangui (French pronunciation: [bɑ̃ɡi]) (or Bangî in Sango, formerly written Bangi in English) The majority of the population of the Central African Republic lives in the western parts of the country, in Bangui and the Its dating, compared with similar sites in Nigeria and Sudan, could be close to the 9th century BC. Bangui.
Radio was the most important medium of mass communication. There were a number of alternatives to the state-owned radio station, Radio Centrafrique. Independent radio stations operated freely and broadcast organized debates and call-in talk shows critical of the government, the election process, ex-Seleka, and anti-Balaka militias.
International media broadcast within the country. The government monopolized domestic television broadcasting this was available only in the capital and for limited hours , and television news coverage generally supported government positions. Violence and Harassment : There were no reports of journalists being targeted for violence by the government.
Censorship or Content Restrictions : There were no reports the government attempted to censor the media.
Three journalists arrested in had not been tried by year's end. Local and international journalists used a variety of social media platforms to broadcast updates and commentary during the elections, without restriction. The transitional and newly elected government did not restrict or disrupt access to the internet or censor online content, and there were no credible reports the government monitored private online communications without appropriate legal authority.
According to the International Telecommunication Union, approximately 4 percent of the population used the internet in There were no reports the transitional or newly elected government restricted academic freedom or cultural events. Many schools remained closed or without adequate resources.
The country's sole university was open.