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To give a boost to the infrastructure development of the city, World Bank IBRD loans were sought from onwards to improve municipal water works, sewage system and slaughterhouse services. Barranquilla is a major industrial centre and its economic activity is dynamic, concentrated mainly in industry, commerce, finance, services and fishing. Among the industrial products are vegetable fats and oils , pharmaceuticals, chemicals, industrial footwear, dairy products, meats, beverages, soap, building materials, furniture, plastics, cement, metalworking parts, garments clothing, buses and boats, and petroleum products.
Its port is also the hub for cotton from the rural areas, coffee and petroleum, apart from the diversified industrial products manufactured in the city. The Arabs Syro Lebanese and Jews who were a small group of immigrants to the country in the late 19th century were exclusively involved in commercial activities and made significant value additions to the economy of the Caribbean natural region in Colombia as a whole and Barranquilla in particular. Their prominent presence in the community known as "cosmopolitan bourgeoisie" as social and political elites, which has enabled them to diversify their activities.
According to the census, Most households simultaneously have 2 or 3 types of activities to make a living. The city is divided into different infrastructure zones; the Zona Franca de Barranquilla is the oldest and largest of the country which has around 90 companies operating within it. The sea and river terminals are the engines of industrial and commercial development of the Caribbean Region.
The port of Barranquilla covers two main routes, the Magdalena River, which communicates with the interior of the country and the Caribbean Sea, from which millions of tonnes of goods are traded Europe and Asia. In accordance with Article of Act of , the different neighborhoods of the city are classified according to the 6 socioeconomic categories for residential property in Colombia.
Approximately 1,, people live in urban areas and 4, in rural areas. The population density is Approximately Among the causes of change of residence, In there were 29, births in Barranquilla, which was a sharp decrease compared to 32, in Deaths in were 4, in the city, [] which shows a decrease compared to 5, in Barranquilla men have a life expectancy at birth of The infant mortality rate of The government aims to lower it to 15, and in children under five years from In the past 6 years — , however, the number of homicides has been declining, the lowest in with a peak of killings in Thuggery Most homicides are concentrated in the centre and south of the city.
Another type of crime in Barranquilla also showed a growth trend over the past two years is theft, commercial entities in , in , mainly in the north and centre , residences in , in, mainly in the north , financial institutions 20 in 21 in mainly in the north and people 2, in , 2, in , mainly in centre, north and south. Socio-economically, this was the most important area until the 80's, when the centre's deterioration led to the displacement of formal trade and banking to the north of the city.
Despite the decline, the Centre remains at the heart of the city and is the most representative and important sector in economic terms. There is an intense commercial activity at the public market. In addition, the centre hosts a number of buildings of the Republican period and structures of immense historical and architectural value. Promocentro , a decentralized body attached to the District Municipality. Land use, including public space and urban planning, are regulated by the Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial which is prepared by the Mayor through the District Planning Secretariat, and approved or revised by the District Council.
Barranquilla has an acute deficiency of public spaces and planting trees, reflected in an average of 0. The area of the city that has the highest use of public space is the Centre, where stationary street vendors exist according to the census. It is an important site of mass social, political and cultural demonstrations.
Plazuela Esthercita Forero is located between Carrera 43 and Calle 74, was built in It pays tribute to the composer Esthercita Forero, who has a statue and floor plates with the names of his songs. It exhibits a locomotive of the era where goods were moved by rail between Barranquilla and the alternate port located in the town of Puerto Colombia.
It also hosts the annual Festival del Dulce in time for Easter. Parque Metropolitano , located on the south side of the Roberto Melendez stadium and velodrome in the south of the city also contains a part of the Murillo bridge over the Avenue Circunvalar. In a sculpture of Shakira was added there. Parque Santander , dedicated to the memory of Francisco de Paula Santander , lies in the heart of the traditional neighborhood of El Prado.
And Parque de Los Fundadores is located in the ancient neighborhood of El Prado along the central boulevard; it contains several monuments like the eagle in tribute to aviation pioneers who were killed in the crash of Barranquilla pays tribute to local heroes and national personalities and sister nations, as well as national holidays, sports, art, culture and historical and religious events and religious. Barranquilla has a complete road layout, where the roads are twisted in a perpendicular way forming blocks.
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Using an alphanumeric nomenclature replaced the vernacular names. Streets were named to those that progress from east to west and starting at the Maritime Terminal and those moving from south to north, from Avenue Circunvalar, in the field of the Metropolitan Stadium. For example, Calle 47B 21—10; Carrera 5 Sur 50— Barranquilla's architecture was built almost entirely in the twentieth century. In the city there are buildings of the colonial period in the early decades of the independent nation, but the profusion of styles that flourished from the late nineteenth century give the city a cosmopolitan atmosphere.
This architectural splendor is testament to the influence of the people arriving in the port for much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia, many of whom settled in Barranquilla and imported architectural styles. Among the most important styles are neoclassical and art deco and interesting examples of neo-colonial architecture, modern, contemporary, eclectic, Mudejar, Spanish late Baroque, Mozarabic and Netherlands Antilles style Caribbean architecture.
Some modern buildings are influenced by international architects such as Oscar Niemeyer , Le Corbusier who was in Barranquilla at the end of the s , Leopoldo Rother, Mies Van der Rohe and Richard Neutra , among others that have contributed to an impressive architectural landscape. The so-called "Republican architecture" "style" refers to the architecture of the period in Colombia after independence in , wand around , which brings together different styles in the city, including the late baroque and neoclassical Spanish. Since the beginning of the twentieth century neoclassical buildings were especially welcome in Barranquilla.
Colombian architectural movement prior to the Modern Movement looks notably different from buildings of the Republicans. Most prominent is art nouveau and art deco. The Modern Architecture is characterized by being free of ornamental designs that identify the buildings of the Republican period, and the trend toward architectural rationalism in concrete. This is a period in which the system Unidad de Poder Adquisitivo Constante UPAC resulted in the commercialization of architecture at the expense of spatial quality and aesthetics. The search for safer environments brought about the proliferation of housing complexes and shopping centres closed.
The Postmodern Movement appears briefly trying to enhance the historical styles left behind by the modern movement. Of note are recent buildings such as the World Trade Center of Baranquilla and many apartment towers north of the city and headquarters of Metrotel and Prado Office Center, neoclassical, to be consistent with the architecture of the neighborhood of El Prado, where they are located. The city has a large number of temples of worship, demonstrating the city's multicultural nature with various architectural styles, beautifying the landscape and offering visitors exquisite interior.
Barranquilla has developed throughout the years an active business and commercial tourist centre especially during times of carnivals and New Year's Eve, when it receives a large influx of visitors. The northern sector of the city is the most modern and best equipped in terms of infrastructure, with the best neighborhoods, parks, hotels, and shopping centers.
It is also the axis of cultural and business life of Barranquilla.
It is the location of promising new developments in infrastructure and urban architectural projects of great importance in the city. In terms of hotels, the city has an adequate infrastructure. One can find everything from residences to inns and 5 star national and international hotel chains. The best hotels are located in the north of the city, near important business districts and shopping centres, which are also often used for holding events, conventions, conferences, among others.
Barranquilla offers locals and visitors a variety of venues and shopping malls where domestic and imported goods can be purchased. The main business sectors are the centre and north of the city. Calle 98 is an exclusive area located north of Barranquilla, the axis of the expansion of the city with new shopping centres, sports complexes and residential complexes. Calle 84 is located north of the city and became fashionable as a place of celebration during qualifying for the FIFA World Cup.
It was called the "Calle de la Rumba. Carrera 53 lies in the exclusive neighborhood of El Country and Alto Prado, centered on Washington Park, where there are fine restaurants, bars and nightclubs. Its importance lies in accessing the port of Barranquilla. Occasionally trips are organized on river barges that depart from Las Flores to Bocas de Ceniza.
There are also special excursions made by small boats along the river, enjoying the local restaurants and touring the nearby swamps. Thousands of immigrants came into the country in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries at this port. In it was partially closed due to its progressive degradation.
On March 7, it suffered the collapse of the final meters of its structure because of strong winds, forcing its complete closure and evacuation of the inhabitants of the area. Despite having been declared a National Monument in , no restoration work has ever been done. Because of the latest tragedy, the local government is developing a strategy to rebuild it. Barranquilla Zoo is a wildlife sanctuary which houses colorful native and foreign animal species, with an emphasis on Colombian fauna and the protection of endangered species.
A maximum one hour by road are several tourist attractions in the surrounding area. Paragliding is offered at the Cupino hill in the municipality of Puerto Colombia. It presents a comprehensive collection of pieces from the indigenous cultures that inhabited the region. It also provides services as a newspaper library, reading room and exhibition hall. It is planned to be transferred to the Parque Cultural del Caribe. Conceived in the framework of the restoration of the historic center of the city, it promotes the natural, cultural and historical aspects of the Colombian Caribbean.
Plaza of the locomotive. Since its inauguration in , Centro Cultural Colombo Americano is the icon of the culture of the United States and the English language in Barranquilla.