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Other concerns included damage to the roads and bridges in Bangladesh by the increased traffic flow from the Indian side. But the credit line could not be used to its potential because of the strict conditions India imposed, to the effect that 85 per cent of the raw materials for the road projects has to be procured from India, on the ground that it produces all the materials necessary. Bangladesh has countered by claiming it too has the necessary raw materials.
Transit would not only boost connectivity between the two countries, but also offer opportunities for regional connectivity and help Bangladesh develop Chittagong port into a regional hub. In , the sharing of the Ganga waters was successfully agreed upon between the two nations. Bangladesh complains that it does not get a fair share of the water in the dry season and some of its areas get flooded when India releases excess waters during the monsoons.
It merges with the Brahmaputra River or Jamuna when it enters Bangladesh. The river is important for both Bangladesh and India for its agricultural use. In , India and Bangladesh had agreed into an ad hoc sharing of the water during the dry season October to April with an allocation of 36 per cent for Bangladesh and 39 per cent for India, leaving 25 per cent to be decided later. But this deal has remained pending for more than 2 decades.
This agreement was not signed due to opposition from chief minister of West Bengal. Bangladesh has been demanding to stop the construction of the Tipaimukh Hydro-Electric Power Project on the Barak River on the eastern edge of Bangladesh. Bangladesh says that the massive dam will disrupt the seasonal rhythm of the river and have an Adverse effect on downstream agriculture, fisheries and ecology of the region.
Indian government has assured Bangladesh that it will not take any unilateral decision on the Tipaimukh Hydro-Electric Power Project which may adversely affect Bangladesh. Bangladesh and China has decade-long diplomatic ties.
China is contributing largely to ongoing infrastructural development in Bangladesh. The growing security and military relations between the two countries in recent days is taking place much to the chagrin of New Delhi. However, Dhaka needs to balance its relations between New Delhi and Beijing for its own interest. In fine, India in its current focus on neighbourhood prosperity is going to foster an enduring bilateral relationship with Bangladesh, as perceived from the ongoing engagements between New Delhi and Dhaka.
Both countries are on the right track for building rapport in spheres of bilateral importance; however, the deep-seated disputes like that of water-sharing needs to be addressed for good for a better tomorrow.
So the ninth amendment was introduced to facilitate the implementation of the agreement. The amendment could not be passed because of an objection to transfer of southern Berubari enclave.
Attempts have been made to arrive at a comprehensive settlement of the land boundary between India and Bangladesh the erstwhile East Pakistan since However, three outstanding issues pertaining to an un-demarcated land boundary of approximately 6. The list of enclaves was prepared in by both nations. Two Joint Boundary Working Groups was formed to work out the details of enclaves in The joint census was carried out it May The Protocol referred to as the Protocol to the LBA, signed on 6th September during the visit of the Prime Minister to Bangladesh, paves the way for a settlement of the outstanding land boundary issues between the two countries.
The both nations announced an intention to swap enclaves, giving residents a choice of nationality. Indian Parliament in May passed the constitutional amendment bill regarding the land boundary agreement with Bangladesh. The Lower House, showing rare unanimity, passed the Constitution th Amendment Bill to allow the operationalisation of the India-Bangladesh Land Boundary agreement. A settled boundary is an essential prerequisite for effective cross-border cooperation.
It reduces friction, helps neighbours consolidate mutually beneficial exchanges and promotes confidence in building better relations. The Protocol ensures that the India-Bangladesh boundary is permanently settled with no more differences in interpretation, regardless of the government in power.
The inhabitants in the enclaves could not enjoy full legal rights as citizens of either India or Bangladesh and infrastructure facilities such as electricity, schools and health services were deficient. Further, due to lack of access to these areas by the law and order enforcing agencies and weak property rights, certain enclaves became hot beds of criminal activities. It paves the way for closer engagement and mutually beneficial relations between India and Bangladesh and the region; this also helps on issues of strategic concern, including security cooperation and denial of sanctuary to elements inimical to India.
In a landmark judgment, the Hague-based Permanent Court of Attribution PCA has awarded Bangladesh an area of 19, sq km, four-fifth of the total area of 25, sq km disputed maritime boundary in the Bay of Bengal with India on July 7.
Keywords: Bangladeshi middle class, marriage, homogamy, diaspora, None of this generation had to seek assistance from professional matchmakers or websites, Matchmaking agencies such as Badhon and Borbodhu have 1st generation, BA, Sylhet, Intelligence officer, Railways, Landed property. In general, marriages in Bangladesh are arranged not by the couple Professional matchmakers are used in Bangladesh only by Hindus, she In rural areas, particularly in Chittagong and Sylhet, a family will not go out of its way to investigate a potential groom. Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service (RDRS).
The award has huge economic significance for a small state like Bangladesh. It has cleared the obstacles for Dhaka to open up its waters for foreign firms to explore and exploit hydrocarbons in the Bay. The economic prospects of the Bay region have increased enormously after Myanmar and India discovered huge natural gas deposits beneath the sea. It is reported that Myanmar discovered 7 trillion cubic feet of hydrocarbon deposits in the region.
This prompted Bangladesh—a nation with limited resource base and high demand of energy,to search for offshore energy resources. In , Bangladesh government divided its claimed territorial sea and EEZ into 28 sea-blocks and leased them to multinational companies to meet its growing energy needs.
But Bangladesh was eventually compelled to suspend exploration as both India and Myanmar objected to it. Successive discoveries of massive natural gas have made the delimitation of maritime boundary all the more significant. In last 2 years many secularist have been heckled to death in Bangladesh. The protestors quickly expanded their demands to include outlawing the Jamaat-e-Islami party itself for its role in the war. Shortly after the first Shahbag protests, counter-demonstrations, which quickly degenerated into violence, were organized by Islamist groups.
Though there were occasional attacks on secularists prior to the Shahbag protests, the frequency of attacks has increased since. The group has since been banned by the government. Other attacks appear to have been perpetrated by more obscure groups. Headed into the elections, the BNP had paralysed the country with weeks of protests, demanding that power be handed over to a neutral caretaker government.
The Awami League government, though, held fast, leading the opposition to boycott the elections.
In , meanwhile, the now-iconic Shahbag protests broke out, with young people demanding the death penalty for Jamaat-e-Islami leaders held guilty of war crimes. In essence, these twin crises pushed the organised right wing out of the political arena, creating a political vacuum. Though the Bangladeshi police and security services have proved effective at containing terrorism, crushing the once-feared Harkat-ul-Jihad-e-Islami, the fear now is that the political vacuum could be capitalised on by jihadists. The best way of preventing that would be to revive competitive political life in Bangladesh, but the political system remains log jammed, with no end in sight to the Awami League-BNP stand-off.
Bangladesh is facing an existential crisis today and unless the government takes steps to launch an all-out attack on the members of AMT and JMB, the situation may spiral out of control.
When a case is effectively prosecuted, it is often with the assistance of a non-governmental legal aid organization. He held Shammi down on the bed and poured acid on her face, locked the door from outside, and ran away. In , India and Bangladesh had agreed into an ad hoc sharing of the water during the dry season October to April with an allocation of 36 per cent for Bangladesh and 39 per cent for India, leaving 25 per cent to be decided later. Bangladesh should take seriously its obligation under international law and its own constitution and domestic laws to prevent, investigate, prosecute, and punish those responsible for violence against girls and women, and assist survivors. The Protocol referred to as the Protocol to the LBA, signed on 6th September during the visit of the Prime Minister to Bangladesh, paves the way for a settlement of the outstanding land boundary issues between the two countries. Fifteen former army officers sentenced to death for involvement in assassination of President Mujib in
It is also surprising that, except for opprobrium in international newspapers on the growing intolerance in the country, many countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, and even neighboring India have remained silent over the issue. It is time that they exert pressure on the Bangladeshi government to act against the perpetrators of these crimes. The government should also realize by not acting against these perpetrators, the groups will be further emboldened to carry out more such attacks against the secular forces.
Building and upgrading roads, railways and waterways infrastructure energy Grids, communications and air links to ensure smooth cross border flow of goods, services, capital, technology and people.
Bhutan has some reservations related to tourism as they want to strictly maintain culture and everything else of the Himalayas as per their own norms including Gross Happiness Index. It is not anymore a socialist hangup of exploitation by one country of other. It is mutual growth through co-operation. Three nations have agreed to develop a similar framework motor vehicle agreement on the lines of draft SAARC Motor vehicle agreement.
Under it India will supply megawatt MW of electricity in return for 10 Gigabits per second Internet bandwidth. India is already supplying MW of power to Bangladesh through the Bahrampur-Bheramara interconnection. The following steps should be taken to improve relation between India and Bangladesh.
Early resolution of the Teesta issue is necessary. But there is need for institutionalizing this cooperation so that it does not remain restricted to the tenure of a particular government in either country. In this regard, a beginning could be made by signing the bilateral extradition treaty. Both the countries should work together to operationalise it. In this regard innovative measures should be taken to resolve the problem, being extra careful to ensure that illegal migrants do not acquire voting rights and Indian nationality.
India has provided zero duty access of Bangladeshi products thereby addressing the tariff related issue to a great extent. The two countries should now consider an agreement on non-tariff barriers.
Ensure accountability to ensure that the image of India as an enemy ceases to exist. This would create misgivings but also ensure that Bangladesh knows that India means business. They are being revived after a long gap but much more can be done in terms of increasing visits, contacts at various level as well as by selling military hardware.
Apart from initiating joint exercises, India should consider the China model of gifting hardware in the initial instance, and offer technical expertise that Bangladeshi military is in need of. They have to be weaned away from Pakistan and China. There can be no overnight successes but sustained efforts are essential.