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It should be pointed out the PKK has always had dovish and hawkish wings, with the TAK believed to get its strategic marching orders from the latter.
There is strong circumstantial evidence for this. Over the last decade there has been a clear correlation between the timing of attacks by the TAK in the larger cities of western Turkey and Turkish military pressure against the PKK in southeast Turkey. This suggests the PKK has tasked the TAK with transferring the conflict to western Turkey to relieve pressure in its heartlands and deter the Turkish military from intensifying counter-insurgency operations.
Both the and waves of attacks by the TAK followed a period of intensifying pressure on the PKK in southeast Turkey see appendix. After a four-year interval in which no attacks were claimed by the TAK, the most recent wave of TAK attacks followed the collapse of the peace process in July and the substantial escalation of conflict between the Turkish state and the PKK. Another is the Apoist Youngsters Revenge Brigade AGIT , which since June has taken responsibility for carrying out street protests and setting vehicles on fire in some districts of Istanbul.
This freedom of action granted to a lower-level leadership makes its operations unpredictable and more difficult for security forces to track TAK members down and prevent attacks.
It is clear the group is an urban organization made up mostly of young recruits. The oldest age of the suicide bombers in the attacks above is under 30, with the average age around 24 or Growing Links to the Rojava The third wave of attacks by the TAK has seen a growing operational connection to the Kurdish Rojava, with the attacks being planned and prepared in the Kurdish majority cantons in northern Syria. Later that year he moved to northern Syria and joined the YPG for a year and a half.
After returning to Turkey he kept a low profile and did not even contact members of his own family. The emergence of the Rojava as a growing military training and logistical support base for the TAK has coincided with the Kurdish majority cantons of northern Syria becoming a new center of Kurdish national liberation efforts.
Conclusion The future evolution of the TAK will depend on two factors. The second is the increasingly visible power shift within the Kurdish struggle from Qandil to Rojava[n] and whether Ankara will maintain its stern attitude toward Kurdish fighters in the Rojava. The growing relevance of the Rojava to the Kurdish resistance movement also raises the prospect of further cracks emerging within the PKK. In principle, the doves are ready to restart the stalled peace process with Ankara and are open to begin a conversation that has Rojava as an item on the agenda.
On the other hand, the hawks feel negotiations with Ankara would slow the Rojava revolution.
This raises a question—if another peace process is initiated between Ankara and Qandil, will the TAK operatives based in northern Syria surrender to the authority of PKK leaders in Qandil? The recent failed coup in Turkey has thrown up more uncertainty about the future course of confrontation between the PKK and the Turkish state. It raises the possibility that armed with emergency powers, Ankara will take an even harder line toward the Kurds, leading to the TAK launching another wave of attacks in western Turkey. Sixty-six members of the Canadian Forces participated in the operation, 64 of them having served during the period of hostilities.
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