Princess dating Taejeon South Korea
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Nowadays, people visit Jangheung for their well-being and healing effect by making Chungtaejeon. The post-fermented tea has softer taste, an increased anti-bacterial effect, antioxidant activity, and lower cholesterol production effects by fermentation of microorganisms due to higher amounts of gallic acid, methoxy phenolic compound, and polyflavonoids [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].
The Chungtaejeon changes to blue color during the fermentation process Figure 1. The raw tea leaves of wild Camellia sinensis are dried overnight in a well-ventilated room. The steamed tea leaves are pulverized with a motor. The center of coin-shaped tea ball is punched by bamboo stem and connected by a thread to dry it in the sun, ondol room, or shade.
Dried Chungtaejeon is kept in a pot to prevent loss of aroma and to avoid moisture. We analyzed bacterial community from raw leaves to products of a 1-year fermented tea Figure 2. To compare modified methods with traditional ones for the overall bacterial communities of the Chungtaejeon, operational taxon unit OTU -based and phylogeny-based analyses were performed. We studied the structure of the fermentation bacterial community of Korean traditional post-fermented tea that was investigated by metagenome analysis using 16S rRNA gene during manufacturing Table 1.
The Acidobacteria was changed from The alpha-probacteria range from 1. The gamma-probacteria increased from Therefore, dominant bacteria during manufacturing were gamma-probacteria for Chungtaejeon. The microbial community size was the largest for Chungtaejeon compared with other teas [ 10 , 11 ]. Also, phylogenetic analysis suggested that the taxonomic affiliation of the dominant species in the post-fermented tea was gamma-proteobacteria Figure 3 for fermentation [ 10 ]. Phylogenetic tree on 16S rRNA gene sequence using the neighbor-joining methods showing the Korean traditional post-fermented tea Chungtaejeon.
However, the structure of the bacterial community involved in the production of oriental traditional post-fermented tea Chungtaejeon was investigated using 16S rRNA gene analysis Figure 2. The main microorganisms in fermentation process of Chungtaejeon Figure 1 are identified as Pantoea sp. Comparison of bacterial A , fungal B , and archaeal C community size using the real-time PCR from the various oriental post-fermented tea Chungtaejeon , other Korean post-fermented tea and puer-tea from China is shown in Figure 5.
The bacterial community size was the highest for Chungtaejeon. It is higher about times in Chungtaejeon 2. Therefore, the bacteria, fungal and archaeal community size were highest for Chungtaejeon in the seven post-fermented teas.
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Comparison of bacterial a , fungal B , and archaeal C community size using the real-time PCR from the various oriental post-fermented tea Chungtaejeon. Also, cluster analysis confirmed that microbial population present in both Korean and Chinese post-fermented teas groups into the same class [ 11 ]. The dominant microorganism present in Korean post-fermented tea was bacterium, while for the Chinese post-fermented tea, it was fungus [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 11 ].
However, dominant microorganism different from oriental post-fermented tea by metagenome analysis was a acidobacteria and alpha-proteobacteria for Puer 1 and Puer 2, firmicutes for Awabancha and gamma-proteobacteria for Chungtaejeon Table 2. Tea is classified as green tea, semi-oxidation tea, oxidation tea and post-fermented tea, depending on its manufacturing methods. Post-fermented tea has softer taste, an increased anti-bacterial effect, antioxidant activity, and lower cholesterol production effects by fermentation of microorganisms due to higher amounts of gallic acid.
The gallic acid content was 1. Tea is one of the most popular beverage that is produced from the tea plant, Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze and is consumed as green, black, Oolong and post-fermented tea in different parts of the world.
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The beneficial effects of green tea such as cancer, heart disease, and liver disease are related to catechins [ 16 ]. Black tea has made promising pharmacological effects such as growth promoter, cardioprotector, potent cholesterol-lowering effect, antioxidant and antimicrobial, etc. The Chungtaejeon is post-fermented tea that is produced in Korea by microorganisms. Chemical analysis of it demonstrated the presence of tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, vitamins, polysaccharides, and volatile oils [ 18 ].
Also, Chungtaejeon possessed strong antioxidative effects and effectively inhibited the cytokine that induces proliferation. Furthermore, it prevents migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells HASMC by restraining the protein expression and enzymatic action of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-9 [ 19 ]. The dominant bacteria, catechins and gallic acid contents during Chungtaejeon marking process are analyzed from raw leaves to product. Microorganism oxidizes phenolic compounds of tea and leads to considerable loss of the catechins and formation of the theaflavins, thearubigins, theabrownins and gallic acid [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].
Our results are similar to decreased catechin content and increased gallic acid content during manufacturing and fermentation. Epigallocatechingallate EGCG content was the highest of EGCG was the major catechin among all tea varieties, accounting for about half of the total catechins.
Epigallocatechingallate is the ester of epigallocatechin and gallic acid. EGCG in tea, which is made to green tea, white tea and fermented tea, is a polyphenol under basic research for its potential to affect human health and disease such as dietary supplements. The catechins such as EGCG most changed to gallic acid during fermentation into puer tea [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 12 , 14 , 15 ]. I booked the suite room and stayed here for 9 nights, it was quite big for there people.
I love the location only 15 meters from Yeoksam Station, Yeoksam only 1 station from Gangnam station.
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You can walk from hotel to Gangnam area around 15 minutes 1km. This Hotel located around business district, so many restaurant around, some korean, vietnamese restaurant, 7elev This Hotel located around business district, so many restaurant around, some korean, vietnamese restaurant, 7eleven 24hrs, Go25 supermarket like 7eleven , Pharmacy, Coffee shops, Just walks around there are more shops and restaurants. Staff were very nice and very accommodating, and speaks english fluently.
Rooms facilities were also nice, there are bathtub, and other amenities like shampoo, conditioner, soaps, tooth brushes, hair dryer, bathrobe, room sandals, tea and water for free.
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The Characteristics of Korean Traditional Post-Fermented Tea (Chungtaejeon)
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